Colour Filters Basic Use for Black and White Film Photography
Colour Filter Basic Use for Black and White Film Photography
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Colour Filters Basic Use for Black and White Film Photography
I guess digital photography and especially post-production in Photoshop and Lightroom plays a major role in the photography evolution. There are all sorts of colour filters out there in the market but since film photography didn’t get the right amount of attention, colour filters or in general all kinds of filters no longer play a major role in the photo effects (excluding Neutral Density Filters).
Types of Filters
Major types of filters will be the colour temperature filter, colour filter, UV, Haze, Skylight and special effect filter (softer, Star…etc). But in this post, I will only focus on colour filters for Black and white film and what it means is the filter that has a fixed colour. Normally the colour filters are Yellow, Orange, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow Green.
I will introduce to you the most common way and also the fastest way for you to elevate your image based on the amount of contrast that you need and where and when you should put these filters on. Usually, these filters are now quite cheap but of course, depends on the brand you are getting and also the size and rarity they offer (eg. 41mm 43mm 49mm 60mm are uncommon sizes but used for Leica lenses.
How Filter Affects the Image?
First of all, colour filters add contrast to the image. In simple terms, it makes certain areas darker, more black and less shadow and at the same time, some parts of it will be brighter. So how do I know when it will be brighter and when it will be darker?
A Quick Way to Understand Colour Filters
Blocking colour; Every filter’s colour is blocking the colour.
- Red filter will block all the red lights so the elements containing a red colour will be brighter, such as your face, light pole in red, fire hose will become white. Even the colour will become even brighter
- Orange filter will filter out the orange colour including yellow, orange and makes these objects white
Offsetting colour; It blocked the colour but also compensate by adding contrast which darken the opposite colour
- Red filter will increase the contrast of things containing blue such as the sky and water. These areas will be darkened
- Orange filter increases the effect but milder than red filter
- Yellow filter has less darkened effect than orange one with the least contrast added and also the most common filter to use on B&W film
- Yellow Green Filter is a great all-purpose filter which does what yellow and green filter separately does but in a mixed sense, brighter skin tone but not as much as yellow filter but also makes green stuff whiter and darken the sky more than yellow filter
Best Way to Use the Filter
Use it as ND filter to decrease the number of stops in order to use the maximum aperture.
Also, be able to try the same lens and result in totally different style and taste, so that you keep finding something out of the same lens but not changing to another one, save you some money. Sometimes you used the wrong ISO film like 400 but it was too sunny that you don’t want to capture at F8 all the time you want to stop down a little bit, maybe a red filter can help you to get extra contrast and be able to lower your shutter speed by 2 stops or aperture by 2 stops, either way, can help with the situation.
Exposure Compensation
Based on my experience, usually I set the exposure compensation for the following filter by one or two extra stop, as the colour actually block certain light going through the lens you have to compensate it by slower shutter speed so that your image will get the right amount of light
For example: if your meter reading is F8, 1/500 after you inserted the yellow filter you have to change the shutter speed to 1/250 for one extra stop. Red filter becomes 1/120 allowing 2 stops of extra brightness.
Yellow Filter -1 Stop
Orange Filter -1.5 Stops
Red Filter -2 Stops
Yellow Green Filter -1 Stops
My Colour Filter Preference
Honestly, I haven’t tried everything and that is something I wish I could do if I could borrow some of them to try. My filter range is normally Yellow, Orange, Red and Yellow Green is already great enough to make my black and white photo interesting at least to me and more fun to try these combos. But for the colour temperature filters 85A, 85B…etc. Those are also something I would like to try to see how they change WB in film shots and enhance the mood.
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Thanks for this! I’m getting ready to shoot the new Kentmere 100 with my Mamiya C200. I have several filters, so looks like I’ll be experimenting like you do. Great photos!
Can’t wait to see that! Share me the result via instagram.